In August, researchers from the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence, a lab based in Seattle, unveiled an English test for computers. It examined whether machines could complete sentences. In October Google researchers unveiled a a new language representation model called Bert. These new language systems learn by analyzing millions of sentences written by humans. A system built by an OpenAI lab analyzed thousands of self-published books, including romance novels, science fiction and more. Google’s Bert analyzed these same books plus the length and breadth of Wikipedia. Read more